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Can International Law Regulate Cyber Warfare? State Responsibility and Attribution Challenges
As cyber operations increasingly shape global security, international law faces unprecedented challenges. From sovereignty and use of force to state responsibility and attribution, this article critically examines whether existing legal norms can meaningfully regulate cyber warfare or whether cyberspace remains a domain beyond effective legal control.

Manoj Ambat
3 days ago9 min read


National Security and Constitutional Limits: When Can States Lawfully Curtail Rights Under International Law?
When can a State lawfully restrict fundamental rights in the name of national security? This article examines the constitutional limits imposed by international law, focusing on legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-derogable rights.

Manoj Ambat
Jan 269 min read


Bilateral Agreements Between Nations: Enforcement, Breach, Arbitration and Sanctions under International Law
Bilateral agreements form the backbone of international relations. This in-depth article explores their binding force under international law, mechanisms of enforcement, remedies for breach, arbitration options, and the legality of countermeasures and sanctions.

Manoj Ambat
Jan 239 min read


The Law of Strategic Silence: How Legal Ambiguity Shapes Global Power
Silence in international law is rarely accidental. From Taiwan to cyber warfare, states increasingly rely on legal ambiguity to preserve power, deter adversaries, and avoid accountability. This article examines how strategic silence operates within international law—and what it means for the global legal order.

Manoj Ambat
Jan 186 min read


China’s Threat of International Arbitration over Venezuela Contracts: Lawfare, Treaty Protection, and the Emerging Jurisprudence of Strategic Litigation
China’s indication that it may pursue international arbitration if its Venezuelan contracts are disrupted highlights the growing role of lawfare in modern international relations. This article examines arbitration jurisdiction, treaty protections, sovereign immunity, enforcement mechanisms, and successor government liability through a legal lens.

Manoj Ambat
Jan 95 min read


Arrest of a Sitting Head of State Under International LawSovereign Immunity, Noon-Intervention, and the Limits of Unilateral Criminal Enforcement
This article examines whether international law permits the arrest of a sitting head of state in the absence of authorization from the United Nations or an international judicial body, focusing on sovereign immunity and non-intervention.

Manoj Ambat
Jan 54 min read


Kashmir & International Law: Understanding the UN Resolution, Pakistan’s Obligations, and the Impact of Tashkent, Shimla & Lahore
The legal status of Kashmir has been debated for decades, but much of the conversation misses the actual facts of international law. This article explains what the UN resolutions truly required, why the plebiscite never happened, and how later agreements like Tashkent, Shimla and Lahore now supersede the UN mandate.

Manoj Ambat
Nov 29, 20254 min read


Welcome to Ambat Legal Insight (ALI): Interpreting Global Law Through an Indian Lens
Ambat Legal Insight (ALI) is an international law and policy think tank offering in-depth research and analysis of global legal developments through a distinctly Indian perspective.

Manoj Ambat
Nov 27, 20253 min read
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