National Security and Defense Law

Artificial intelligence is transforming how governments monitor public spaces, analyse personal data and identify potential threats. But when surveillance becomes continuous and automated, where do security imperatives end and constitutional freedoms begin? An examination of India's right to privacy, AI surveillance and the legal safeguards essential to a democratic society.

India's proposed FCRA Amendment Bill 2026 has triggered intense debate over national security, civil society freedom, and government control of foreign-funded organizations. The legislation would empower a designated authority to manage assets created through foreign contributions when NGOs lose their FCRA registration.

Defence treaties are no longer informal understandings between states. In an era of reverse engineering, sanctions, and strategic mistrust, violations of defence technology agreements carry lasting legal and geopolitical consequences that reshape global cooperation.

When can a State lawfully restrict fundamental rights in the name of national security? This article examines the constitutional limits imposed by international law, focusing on legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-derogable rights.

The legal status of Kashmir has been debated for decades, but much of the conversation misses the actual facts of international law. This article explains what the UN resolutions truly required, why the plebiscite never happened, and how later agreements like Tashkent, Shimla and Lahore now supersede the UN mandate.